Engineering

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ENGINEERING

Engineering faculty trains Mukono farmers on biogas technology

By Irene Best Nyapendi
Waste was once defined only as something with no purpose, but this is no longer the case.  The definition of waste as something useless is not accurate among a growing number of Uganda Christian University (UCU) students and staff who are informed and involved in various resource recovery initiatives. 

Most recently, the Faculty of Engineering, Design, and Technology (FEDT) at UCU invited at least 12 farmers from within the Mukono area to learn what the institution is doing to recover resources from waste. On September 11, a training session for the dozen farmers introduced them to organic waste management approaches, biogas technology, occupational health and safety measures and application of bioslurry in agriculture. The training was facilitated by a team that included Ass. Prof. Eleanor Wozei, Ass. Prof. Sarah Kizza-Nkambwe, Mr. Arnold Mugisha, Mr. Okot Innocent, Mr. Eddy Ojara and Dr. Miria Agunyo. Agunyo is the Dean of the Faculty of Engineering, Design and Technology and the principal investigator of the project.

Farmers observe bio-slurry during the training
Farmers observe bio-slurry during the training

Farmers walked away having learned how biogas, a renewable energy fuel, is produced from biodegradation of organic waste streams, including food and animal waste. They also learned how the bio-slurry can be used as fertilizer for their crops. Through this technology, greenhouse gas emissions, such as of methane, are prevented, as well as the pollution of soil and water by the waste from landfills. The training took place at the UCU Biogas Plant, which was constructed and commissioned in September 2023, with support from Bingo Projektförderung (project funding) in Germany.

Under this project, Dr. Agunyo said UCU is working hand in hand with the Artefact Centre in Germany to train people how to make simple biogas digester systems while promoting the use of other by-products, such as bioslurry. 

She added: “We want biogas technology to be something an ordinary person can do with very little support.”

Through the Bingo project grant funding of 30,000 Euros ($33,478), UCU installed a 12-cubic-meter digester tank that converts waste into biogas at the UCU water treatment plant and serves as a teaching tool for waste management and construction of digesters. Artefact Centre is doing the same in Germany, demonstrating simple do-it-yourself systems, enabling young people to appreciate the technology through traineeships.

“Recently, we fabricated our own digesters using plastic containers, which has helped us explain how simple biogas technology can be, from construction to operation,” Dr. Agunyo said. 

“The biogas we produce is used in the UCU kitchen, and the bioslurry is used as fertilizer in our demonstration gardens and this component was carried out by our colleagues from the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, led by Dr. Rosemary Bulyaba.”

The Bingo Project aimed to demonstrate that as a university, we can sustainably manage the organic waste streams generated from within UCU and use the biogas produced to substitute firewood use at the UCU kitchen, hence promoting the use of clean cooking fuels and enhancing farming through the use of bioslurry.

Farmers Eager to Implement Change

Farmers learn about the process of biogas production, from mixing feedstock to utilizing the gas
Farmers learn about the process of biogas production, from mixing feedstock to utilizing the gas

Some of the participants who attended the training indicated their interest to make changes.  

“I’m tired of using charcoal, and I am excited to use waste to make biogas because it’s clean and will help me prepare meals faster,” said Prossy Birungi, one of the farmers who attended the training.  “Biogas is a double blessing; I hope to use it for cooking and the residue as manure.”

She commended UCU for the hands-on training, which demystified biogas technology. 

“I used to hear rumors about biogas on TV, but I’m grateful for the opportunity to learn how to make and use it,” Birungi said. 

Another farmer, Allan Kakembo, from Bugujju in Mukono, noted that manure and animal feed have been costly. He is hopeful that the bio-slurry used in his banana and maize plantation will improve production while reducing expenses.  

“Waste has been a challenge to me, and I am glad I can now benefit from it,” Kakembo said. “I look forward to using waste from my kitchen and animal waste to make biogas, instead of dumping it.”

UCU

Amoit: From daddy’s to the world’s engineer

By Kefa Senoga
Long ago, when a television set malfunctioned at the home of Okolong Charles, his daughter, Faith Codrine Amoit, embarked on a mission to repair it. Although she did not get it to perform its function again, Okolong was convinced his daughter would perform well in an engineering career. 

He started calling her “my engineer.”   

The title, “my engineer,” Amoit says, inspired her to pursue a course of her father’s wish. Fortunately for her, she loved science. Because she was fascinated by buildings, Amoit says she opted to pursue a Bachelor of Science in Civil and Environmental Engineering at Uganda Christian University (UCU), from where she graduated in 2018. 

Her father is deceased, but Amoit continues to keep his dream of an engineer daughter alive.

Amoit during her graduation in the UK
Amoit during her graduation in the UK

The knowledge she garnered at UCU was essential during her 2019-2022 work as Junior Civil Engineer at Dar-Al-Handasah, a global consultancy firm providing design, planning, engineering, sustainability consulting, digital solutions and services, and project management. Dar-Al-Handasah work connects to buildings, cities, transportation, civil infrastructure, water and the environment. During those three years, Amoit was part of the team working on the upgrade and expansion of Entebbe International Airport in Uganda.

Even though she was consistently ranked among the top five students in her course while at UCU, Amoit says things were difficult and that she was “just trying to survive,” not to excel.  She has soldiered on, specialising in the field of structural engineering. From September 2022 to September 2023, Amoit, who is passionate about structural dynamics, was a Chevening Scholar at the University of Leeds in the United Kingdom (UK), where she pursued an MSc in Structural Engineering. 

The Chevening scholarship is intended to attract outstanding emerging leaders from all over the world to pursue one-year master’s degrees in the UK. 

“There is no such thing as a ‘typical’ Chevening Scholar, but those who are successful tend to have ambition, leadership qualities, and a passion for influencing positive change in their home countries,” reads a description of the scholarship on their website

The course, according to Amoit, covered critical issues like seismic design, design optimisation, steel and concrete design. 

“My favourite module was the structural design project, which involved the design of the North Stand of the Elland Road football stadium,” she wrote on LinkedIn. The Elland Road is the home of England Championship club Leeds United.

“The study compared the structural systems based on lateral displacement as an effect of wind, cost and carbon footprint,” she wrote, adding that such knowledge is essential for structural engineers when designing buildings of different heights at the conceptual stage. Her dissertation work involved learning how to use software and robotics simulation. 

Since her return from the UK in January this year, Amoit has been involved in private work, helping to produce structural drawings and plans for clients.

UCU’s Amoit Inspires Girls in Engineering, Breaking Stereotypes

Amoit says she would love to be the beacon of hope in the engineering field dominated by men. She wishes to affirm to young women that pursuing a course in engineering is possible. Currently, she is mentoring some girls to interest them into the field of engineering.

“When different groups approach me to seek advice and talk to girls, I willingly take up those spaces to offer encouragement and support to them.”

Amoit also takes advantage of another platform — Rotaract, a not-for-profit service organisation — where she is actively involved, to continue mentoring girls through the Rotaract Ladies Initiative. 

“We used to go to different parts of the country every year to empower young women into making things like sanitary towels and equipping them with different skills like crocheting, tailoring, to help them generate income.”

Amoit attended Shimoni Demonstration School for her primary education, St Maria Goretti Katende for O’level and St Mary’s Secondary School, Kitende for A’level. All the three schools are located in central Uganda.

When Linda Nanfuka from UCU got an offer to work in Uzbekistan, she had to Google it. “I couldn’t pronounce it, didn’t know where it was,” she said of the Central Asian nation located 5,499 kilometers (3,411 miles) from Uganda. For nine months in 2021, Nanfuka lived and worked as an engineer for what is now Uzbekistan’s first large-scale solar power plant.

Engineering alum breaks gender, age barriers

By Patty Huston-Holm
When Linda Nanfuka got an offer to work in Uzbekistan, she had to Google it. 

“I couldn’t pronounce it, didn’t know where it was,” she said of the Central Asian nation located 5,499 kilometers (3,411 miles) from Uganda. For nine months in 2021, Nanfuka lived and worked as an engineer for what is now Uzbekistan’s first large-scale solar power plant. Most of what she did was civil works (construction supervision, reporting) for METKA EGN, a  company that focuses on green-energy networks. 

UCU alum recruited to work in Uzbekistan

A Uganda Christian University (UCU) alum, Nanfuka got recruited to live and work in Uzbekistan based on her leadership in helping to launch a solar station on land leased from the Busoga Kingdom in Uganda’s Mayuge District.  The Mayuge-area plant, also called Bufulubi because of its location in a village by that name, increases the power supply for the eastern region. It generates 10 MegaWatts (MW) compared to Uzbekistan’s 131 MW capacity. 

Nanfuka knows that each MW is one million watts, that individual homes require a lot less than that and factories need more. As a 2018 UCU graduate in Civil and Environmental Engineering, she learned much of the technical aspects of what she applies in her work. 

She also knows that she is employed in a career path traditionally dominated by men and people older than her almost-28 years.  She has encountered skepticism and bullying as well as respect.

Linda Nanfuka at Uganda’s Mayuge solar plant
Linda Nanfuka at Uganda’s Mayuge solar plant

“In the African culture, we need to respect elders, and I do,” she said. “If someone 20 years older than you is wrong, you don’t disrespect but correct.” 

Nanfuka appreciates professionals at UCU

At the same time, Nanfuka credits older peers and professionals at UCU for mentoring, including during one “rough period” of her academic studies. She said Rodgers Tayebwa, head of department, engineering and environment, was especially helpful, “introducing me to students in the year ahead” and enabling her to have “balance and get back on track.”

For Nanfuka, the journey before and since graduating from UCU has required changing course and dispelling age and gender perceptions. The oldest of four children with a single mom living in Mukono, Nanfuka was expected to go into accounting to support herself and help her siblings.  She was told that engineering was too difficult and meant for men.

“One person close to me kept saying ‘no’ to engineering,” she said. “Today, I thank  God for those who doubted me, who dared me not to succeed, because I’m really happy with what I chose.”

Solar Energy chose her

As for solar energy, it chose her. While leading a Just in Time subcontracting team of 30-40 men who put a fence around what would be rows of solar panels in the Mayuge District, Nanfuka began spending her spare time in 2018 to mid-2019 learning about this growing, clean energy option.  From mid-2019, she transitioned into operational maintenance that she was part of until 2021. 

“I monitored the civil works – concrete pole installation and chain-link fencing,” Nanfuka said of the work in Mayuge.  “I went to the main contractor, expressed an interest in the larger project and was permitted on the site to learn from other contractors after my other work for the day was done.”

In 2020, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics estimated that 38 percent of the population used solar energy in some form from some 300 solar companies. The Soroti solar power plant is Uganda’s first grid-connected solar plant and the largest in East Africa. According to the Uganda Electricity Regulatory Authority, the Mayuge plant has the capacity to produce enough power for 30,000 households. 

When the fence around the Mayuge plant was in place, Nanfuka was made a junior civil engineer for METKA EGN. 

“God blesses us with sun,” she said.  “We should use it and protect the environment. I’m happy that our  country is having more of these projects that not only respect the earth but expand employment.”

In addition to applying her engineering technical and management skills, Nanfuka found enrichment in being embedded into the Uzbekistan culture from May to December in 2021. The project called 131 MW Tutly Solar PV Plant had non-English-speaking workers that presented an added challenge in communications to complete tasks. She learned safety requirements, the latter of which is stricter than in Uganda.  She learned that people from different races, religions and ethnicities can work together. Uzbekistan, which is near the better-known Afghanistan and Iran countries, is largely Muslim with few black-skinned people. 

“Many had never seen a black woman before,” she said. “The kids especially wanted to touch my hair.”

Speaking from Mukono in late July, Nanfuka shared that her next two aspirations are growing her own business while working on a master’s degree in construction management. 

“I’ve realized that what people really need here is help with planning and scheduling – project management,” she said. “I am grateful for people who took a chance on me, and had faith in me.  I did my best not to disappoint.” 

Nanfuka’s new business Web site is https://www.lindasvirtualhub.com.